## Computer Science > Artificial Intelligence ## Title:An Affordable AI-Integrated Smart Cane for Multimodal Mobility Assistance of Visually Impaired Users > Abstract:Visual impairment affects over 2.2 billion people worldwide, yet conventional white canes cannot detect elevated hazards or provide semantic environmental context. Existing AI-assisted navigation systems typically rely on expensive hardware or cloud connectivity, limiting accessibility in resource-constrained settings. This paper presents an affordable (\$88 USD), fully offline AI-integrated smart cane designed for multimodal…